• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A wash nozzle assembly for all type of atmospheric diffusers, which nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle which has a wash flow controlling orifice plate or another orifice assembly preferably located at the trailing edge of the nozzle, a orifice locking plate and fixing screws. The wash nozzle assembly is similar for all washing stages in the diffuser. The wash nozzle assembly is direct replacement for all existing nozzles and does not require any modifications for the diffuser.
    公开号:FI20185526A1
    申请号:FI20185526
    申请日:2018-06-08
    公开日:2019-12-09
    发明作者:Paavo Tolonen
    申请人:Andritz Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    WASH NOZZLE ASSEMBLY FOR ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSERS IN PULP PRODUCTION
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a wash nozzle assembly for atmospheric diffuser washers in the production of chemical cellulose pulp at a pulp mill. The wash nozzle assembly according to the invention may be applied in all types of atmospheric diffusers used for brown stock washing, oxygen delignification and 10 pulp bleaching.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The following description assumes a two-stage atmospheric brown stock diffuser 15 following a continuous digester. Digester pressure is used to blow the pulp through the blow line into the two-stage diffusion washer. The conical section of the diffuser tank is designed to allow the up flowing stock to be evenly distributed across the diffuser. Inside the diffuser tank are concentric screen rings arranged about a common vertical axis. The lower row of screen rings forms the first washing stage, and the upper row, the second stage. Each washing stage consists of screen rings equally spaced. Between each screen rings there are 1-2 pcs. of wash nozzles which are rotating in order to supply wash water or wash liquor evenly into pulp between the screen rings. Each screen ring is comprised of two screen plates spaced approximately 50-60 mm apart.
    The number of rings per row and their height are dependent upon the design production of the diffuser and stock drainage characteristics. Three, four or six arms located between the first and second stages serve to support the screen assembly and transport extracted filtrate from the screens.
    These arms radiate from the diffuser center to the tank's outside wall where they 30 are supported by vertical tie rods which are coupled to hydraulic cylinders. These cylinders give the screen assembly a vertical stroking cycle. The upstroke speed
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018 is adjusted to be slightly greater than the up flow rate of the pulp mass. The diffuser is held at the top of its stroke for some time, and is then down stroked rapidly (approximately one second) in order to clean the screens from fibers. The extraction flow is shut off and the wash flow reduced during the top delay and down stroke.
    As the pulp in a consistency of around ten percent flows upward between the screen rings, clean wash filtrate displaces the dirtier filtrate which is extracted through the screens and arms to a filtrate tank. First stage extracted liquor is pumped to the cold blow pump or previous stage washer. Second stage extracted io filtrate is returned to the diffuser and is used as first stage wash filtrate. Heated wash water (decker filtrate, evaporator condensate, etc.) is used to wash in the second stage. Wash filtrate /water for each stage enters the diffuser through a wide slot in the trailing edge of the wash nozzles. Both first and second stage wash nozzles rotate with the hollow central shaft in circular paths centered between the screen rings. The wash filtrate flow to each of the pulp segments created by the screen rings is controlled by orifice plates in the wash nozzles, and is proportional to the volume of pulp between each ring. Wash nozzles for the first stage are mounted on a common arm located below the screen rings. This arm is attached to the central shaft. The central shaft serves to transport wash filtrate for both the first and second stages. Second stage wash nozzles are attached to the top scraper assembly above the screen rings.
    Typical problems with the existing wash nozzles are:
    (i) tendency for clogging by fibers coming from the diffuser tank and entering backwards into the nozzles. As the wash filtrate flow velocity through the nozzle is 25 rather low it cannot keep the fibers away. Especially the lower wash nozzles (1 st washing stage) are susceptible to clogging. This is because of gravity as well as the location of an orifice plate between the nozzle and nozzle arm. Thus there is nothing to prevent the pulp from entering to the nozzle if the wash filtrate flow cannot do it. The clogged nozzles are unable to supply and distribute a sufficient 30 amount of wash water and the washing efficiency of the diffuser is therefore significantly decreased. Typically the most susceptible for clogging are the outermost nozzles. This may be the result of a high velocity of the rotating nozzle which sucks the pulp into the nozzle if the water flow is simultaneously slow.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    Tendency of clogging of lower nozzles is observed also during short outages when the diffuser tank is not emptied but the wash filtrate feed is closed.
    (ii) Existing wash nozzles have limited ability to distribute wash liquid due to its construction.
    (iii) Difficult and time consuming cleaning operation of clogged nozzles which extends diffuser downtime and decreases its availability.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    A novel wash nozzle assembly for atmospheric diffusers has been developed so 10 that it prevents pulp fibers from getting from the diffuser tank into the nozzles.
    This is arranged so that the orifices for adjusting a desired flow of filtrate or water are located right at the point where the wash liquid is released from the nozzle into the pulp, preferably at the trailing edge of the nozzles. The orifice plate / orifice assembly may be located also on another place on the nozzle to release 15 the wash liquid directly into the pulp mass.
    The nozzle assembly according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features of the independent claim.
    The new nozzle type gives significantly more even wash liquid distribution into the pulp as the liquid may be spread on a full height of screen unit and screen area 20 and thus displacement is more efficient. This means an improvement in washing results.
    The nozzle is typically vertically elongated and oblong in cross-section. It has a vertically elongated opening, which is provided with an orifice plate or an orifice assembly. The opening edges in the nozzle wall are provided with vertical 25 grooves for disposing and attaching the orifice plate to the nozzle body.
    The nozzle body has a first end and a second end. The first end is provided with a plate-like extension for the attachment of the nozzle to a nozzle arm in the diffuser vessel. The first end is open so that wash liquid can be led from the nozzle arm to the nozzle interior. The elongated opening with an orifice plate starts at a distance 30 from the first end and extends up to the second end. The length of the elongated opening depends on the required liquid flow.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    The nozzle moves in a direction of the rotation, and so it has a leading edge, a trailing edge, and side edges. The orifice plate/orifice assembly is preferably located at the trailing edge. It may be located also at the leading edge, whereby a shielding element is needed in front of leading edge so that the pulp flowing against the nozzle will not prevent the liquid outflow from the nozzle. The shielding element may be a V-shaped plate. The orifice plate/orifice assembly may be located at the side edge(s) of the nozzle, whereby a shielding element may also be needed.
    The wash nozzle assembly typically comprises a nozzle, an orifice plate with or 10 without a lip type of non-return device. A pair of the lips releases a wash liquid flow from the orifice into the pulp because wash water or wash filtrate pressure opens the lips. The pair of lips is closed due to flexibility of the lips immediately once wash flow is stopped and therefore pulp entering into the nozzle is prevented.
    The orifice is either a perforated plate with small holes creating a sufficient open area for required flow and also prevents, due to small holes, pulp fibers from entering into the nozzle, or an orifice plate with certain number of holes having a diameter of 5 - 30 millimeters (mm), preferably 8-20 mm, for the flow adjustment and a lip type of non-return for preventing fibers from entering into the nozzle. The 20 size and number of the holes depend on the open area required for a desired wash liquid flow. The perforated plate has a plurality of holes having a diameter of 0,4 - 5 mm, typically 1-2 mm.
    The orifice assembly may further include a non-return device comprising flexible, impervious members of complementary shapes. Typically the non-return device is 25 formed of a pair of lips which are disposed face-to-face in surface contact, so that there is no through passage between them when the wash liquid is not introduced into the pulp. In-flowing liquid will force the lips apart to permit flow between them from the nozzle through the orifice plate holes to the pulp. Flow in the opposite direction is prevented by the close surface contact between the lips. Thus, the 30 mutually contacting lips prevent fiber flow between them towards the holes and the interior of the nozzle, but the liquid entering the pulp can force the lips apart and flow between them.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    The lips are typically made of a thin plate of hardened stainless steel and fixed to the orifice plate with screws or corresponding fastening means. The lips may also be made of plastic or another flexible material.
    The orifice plate may also have a slot or slots having a size sufficient for a certain 5 wash liquid flow.
    The wash nozzle may also have an orifice assembly comprising a plurality of nonreturn valves attached to the orifice plate. The non-return valves may be commercial products or prepared for the new nozzle.
    The wash nozzle wall has preferably vertical grooves, typically two, for all kind of orifice assemblies and a locking plate and screws for keeping said assembly in place. The new wash nozzle assembly gives higher washing result, because the wash liquid is distributed more evenly into the pulp and the displacement of the dirty liquor is therefore improved.
    The new wash nozzle assembly significantly reduces the cleaning and replacement time of nozzles in two ways. First, the nozzles are kept long clean as the nozzles cannot be clogged by the pulp from the diffuser tank. Secondly, the orifice plates/orifice assemblies are detachable from the nozzle body and so easy to withdraw out from the nozzles. Thus the possible cleaning of nozzles can be done without detaching the whole heavy nozzles. These are the significant advantages which decrease a needed downtime.
    The new wash nozzle is similar for all stages of diffuser washers and acts as lower and upper nozzle. It can be used also in a one-stage diffuser.
    The new wash nozzle assembly can be installed without any changes for all type of existing nozzle arms by replacing existing nozzles.
    The nozzles are arranged in an atmospheric diffuser, which typically comprises a generally upright vessel having a central vertical shaft; a plurality of annular screens which have been mounted concentric with the central vertical shaft; and an arm assembly which has been mounted vertically spaced from the screens. The arm assembly is connected to the central shaft and is rotated by the shaft.
    The vertically elongated nozzles are connected to the arm assembly. The nozzles are moved by the shaft in the direction of rotation between the screens, and they introduce wash liquid into the pulp between the screens.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    In the following the invention is described in more detail by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein.
    Fig. 1 illustrates a side view of a two stage atmospheric diffuser with a prior art nozzle assembly, where the new nozzle assembly may be applied.
    Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view showing a two stage atmospheric diffuser screen and a prior art nozzle assembly, where the new nozzle assembly may be applied.
    Fig. 3 illustrates a prior art lower wash nozzle embodiment.
    Fig. 4 illustrates a prior art upper wash nozzle embodiment.
    Fig. 5 illustrates a prior art orifice plate.
    Fig. 6 illustrates a known lower wash nozzle assembly installed in a nozzle arm where the orifice plate is located between the nozzles and the nozzle arm.
    Fig. 7 and 8 illustrate a preferable embodiment of the new wash nozzle with an orifice plate and a lip-type non-return device and grooves for orifice assemblies.
    Fig. 9 illustrates an embodiment of the new wash nozzle's orifice /lip assembly withdrawn partially out.
    Fig. 10 illustrates a detailed cross-section view of the orifice/ lip assembly of the 20 new wash nozzle and a distribution of the wash liquid through the orifice hole and lip seal into the pulp.
    Fig. 11 illustrates a cross-section view of the orifice/ lip assembly of the new wash nozzle.
    Fig. 12a and 12b illustrate an embodiment of the new wash nozzle with a perforated orifice plate
    Fig. 13 illustrates an embodiment of the new wash nozzle's perforated orifice plate withdrawn partially out.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    Fig. 14, 15 illustrate an embodiment of the new wash nozzle with a non-return valve orifice plate assembly.
    Fig. 16 illustrates comparison of wash liquid distribution between the known and new wash nozzle assemblies.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Fig. 1 shows an exemplary atmospheric diffuser in which the present invention may be applied. The diffuser is shown generally by reference numeral 1. The conventional components of the diffuser 1 include a generally upright vessel having a pulp inlet 3 at the bottom thereof and a pulp outlet 4 at the top.
    Extraction arms 17 (Fig. 2) are mounted within the vessel, extending radially outwardly from a central shaft 9 which defines the central vertical axis of the vessel. The shaft end is connected to a conventional drive 15. Outlets for displaced filtrate from the extraction arms are provided at 7 and 8. The first outlet 15 7 is for 2nd stage filtrate and the second outlet 8 for 1st stage filtrate. A hydraulic cylinder 14, or like mechanism, is provided to effect up and down reciprocation of the extraction arms 17. The reciprocation is at essentially pulp flow velocity in the direction 19 of pulp flow movement, and at a much higher speed opposite to the direction of pulp flow, as is conventional. A back flush tank is illustrated with reference number 18, and a filtrate tank with reference number 16.
    Mounted on the extraction arms 17 are a plurality of annular screens, such as first and second screens 2 (Figs 1 and 2) extending upwardly and downwardly from the arms 17. Disposed above the screens 2 is an upper arm assembly 10. The shaft 15, to which the arm assembly 10 is connected, is driven by a motor connected to the drive end, so that the arm assembly 10 rotates in a first direction of rotation, shown by arrows 19 in FIG.2. Connected to the arm assembly 10 is a plurality of treatment fluid introducing nozzles 11 which are vertically elongated, and are disposed between the screens 2. The nozzles 11 are typically oblong in cross-section 22 (see FIG. 3), and at a second end thereof, remote from the arm assembly 10, have means defining at least one fluid introducing opening 20, typically at the side of the nozzle 11 that trails as the nozzle 11 moves in the direction of rotation 19.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    Washing liquid is supplied to the nozzles 11 from a conduit 5 (FIG. 1) which extends interiorly of the shaft 9, and to the rotating arms 10, the treatment liquid— typically wash liquid or bleach liquid-flowing through the arm assembly 10 and then to nozzles 11, to be introduced through the openings, as shown by arrows 5’.
    Where a two stage diffuser being shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided, at least a second conduit 6 is provided for introducing a second washing fluid, that liquid flowing through a conduit within the shaft 9 to the arm assembly 12 to which the nozzles 13 are mounted. The nozzles 13 for introducing wash liquid 6’ are disposed between the bottom set of annular screens 2 and the arm 12, which arm is located below the lower screens 2. Both first and second stage wash nozzles 11,13 rotate with the hollow central shaft 9 in circular paths centered between the screen rings.
    Heated wash water (filtrate, evaporator condensate, etc.) is typically used to wash in the second stage. Wash filtrate /water for each stage enters the diffuser through a wide slot 20 in the trailing edge of the wash nozzles 11, 13. The wash filtrate flow to each of the pulp segments created by the screen rings is controlled by orifice plates in the wash nozzles, and is proportional to the volume of pulp between each ring. Figs. 3-5 show the details of known nozzles. As shown in Fig. 3 the lower nozzle 13 is elongated, and oblong in cross-section 22 (Fig. 3). The nozzle has a first end 13a and a second end 13b. As shown by arrows 5’, the wash liquid flows through the first end into the nozzle and is discharged from the nozzle through a slot 24 located at distances from the first end and the second end. Fig. 4 shows the upper nozzle 11, which is also elongated and oblong in cross-section, and it has a first end and a second end. The wash liquid flows through the first end into the nozzle and is discharged through a slot 23 which is located at the second end, as shown by arrows 6’. The nozzles are attached to the nozzle arms so that there is an orifice plate 25 between the nozzle and the arm. As shown in Fig. 5, the orifice plate 25 has holes 26 the cross-sectional area of which is predetermined in relation to the desired liquid flow passing through the nozzle. This way the liquid flow is adjusted. Fig. 6 illustrates how the lower nozzle 13 is attached to the arm 12. The orifice plate 25 is located between the nozzle 13 and the arm 12 to which arm the nozzle will be attached. The wash liquid 6’ flows from the arm 13 through the orifice plate holes to the nozzle 13. The first end of the nozzle is provided with a plate-like extension 21 for the attachment (Figs. 3, 4 and 6). The upper nozzle 11 is connected to the arm 10 in the corresponding way.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    A problem with the known wash nozzles is their tendency to become clogged by fibers coming from the diffuser tank and entering backwards into the nozzles. This can be avoided by using a nozzle according to the present invention shown in Figs. 7-16, which illustrate a lower nozzle of the two stage diffuser, but an upper 5 nozzle may have the same configuration. The nozzle 27 is elongated and oblong in cross-section. It has a vertically elongated opening 38, which is provided with an orifice plate 28 having a plurality of holes for introducing wash liquid into the pulp. The diameter of the holes is 5-35 millimeters (mm), preferably 8-20 mm. The size and number of the holes depend on the open area required for a desired 10 wash liquid flow. The orifice assembly further includes a non-return device 30 comprising flexible, impervious members of complementary shapes. Typically the non-return device is formed of a pair of lips which are disposed face-to-face in surface contact, so that there is no through passage between them when the wash liquid is not introduced into the pulp. In-flowing liquid will force the lips 35 15 (Fig. 10 and 11) apart to permit flow between them from the nozzle through the orifice plate holes to the pulp. Flow in the opposite direction is prevented by the close surface contact between the lips. Thus, the mutually contacting lips prevent fiber flow between them towards the holes and the interior of the nozzle, but the liquid entering the pulp can force the lips apart and flow between them.
    The opening edges in the nozzle wall are provided with vertical grooves 34 for disposing and attaching the orifice plate 28 to the nozzle body 27 (Fig. 8). The lips are attached to the orifice plate with screws 29 or corresponding fastening means. The orifice plate assembly is locked into place by means of a locking plate and locking screws 32.
    The nozzle body 27 has a first end 27a and a second end 27b. The first end is provided with a plate-like extension for the attachment of the nozzle to the nozzle arm, such as the arm 12 in Fig. 1. The first end is open for leading wash liquid from the nozzle arm to the nozzle interior. The elongated opening 38 with the orifice plate 28 starts at a distance from the first end 27a and extends up to the 30 second end 27b. The length of the elongated opening may be shorter depending on the required liquid flow.
    Fig. 9 shows the orifice plate/lip assembly when it is withdrawn partially out. The orifice plate with or without lips may simply be removed from the nozzle if there is any need for cleaning or replacing them with new ones.
    20185526 prh 08 -06- 2018
    Fig. 10 shows a top view of the orifice plate/lips assembly at the trailing edge of the nozzle. The orifice plate has been disposed in the grooves in the wall of the nozzle body 27. Wash liquid flows through the hole 28 of the orifice plate and further from between the two mutually opposite lips 35, as shown with arrows 33.
    This way the wash liquid is introduced evenly along the length of the nozzle to the pulp, as illustrated in Fig. 7.
    Fig. 11 shows an embodiment, in which the orifice assembly 28, 35 is located at the leading edge of the nozzle 27. The nozzle is provided with a shielding element, which is a V-shaped plate 40. It is attached to the nozzle so that there is 10 a gap between the plate and the nozzle. Wash liquid flows from the nozzle and through the gap into the pulp, as shown with arrows 33’. The shielding element is needed in front of leading edge so that the pulp flowing against the nozzle will not prevent the outflow of the liquid from the nozzle.
    Figs 12a and 12 b show another embodiment of the new nozzle. The orifice plate 15 is a perforated plate 36. The holes of the plate are smaller than those in the embodiment of Figs. 7-11 so that their diameter is 0,4 - 5 mm, typically 1 -2 mm creating a sufficient open area for a required flow. Such small holes prevent pulp fibers from entering into the nozzle.
    Figs. 14 and 15 show still another embodiment of the new nozzle 27. The orifice 20 plate is provided with a plurality of non-return valves 37 which allow a wash liquid to flow in only one direction. This way any clogging caused by pulp fibers may be prevented.
    Fig. 16 illustrates awash liquid distribution to diffuser screens 2 by using the prior art nozzle 13 and the new nozzle 27. The new nozzle distributes wash liquid 33 more evenly along the screen height 39 and the screen area, whereas the known nozzle is able to distribute wash liquid only to a smaller area. The new nozzle type gives significantly more even wash liquid distribution into the pulp and thus displacement washing of pulp is more efficient. This improves washing results.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1] CLAIMS:
    1. A wash liquid introduction nozzle assembly for an atmospheric diffuser, said assembly comprising an elongated vertical nozzle, wherein the
    5 nozzle wall is provided with an orifice plate or an orifice assembly for delivering liquid from the nozzle.
    [2] 2. A wash nozzle assembly according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle wall has an elongated opening where an orifice plate is arranged and wherein the orifice plate has an open area for introducing a predetermined flow of the washing
    10 liquid from the nozzle into pulp in the diffuser vessel.
    [3] 3. A wash nozzle assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle has grooves in the nozzle wall for fixing the orifice plate/ orifice assembly.
    [4] 4. A wash nozzle assembly according to claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the orifice assembly comprises an orifice plate with a plurality of holes having a
    15 diameter of 5 - 35 mm, preferably 8-20 mm and a lip type of non-return device.
    [5] 5. A wash nozzle assembly according to claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the orifice assembly comprises an orifice plate with a slot or slots having a sufficient size for required wash flow and lip type of non-return device.
    [6] 6. A wash nozzle assembly according to claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the 20 orifice plate is formed of a perforated plate with a plurality of holes having a diameter of 0,4 - 5 mm, typically 1 -2 mm.
    [7] 7. A wash nozzle assembly according to claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the orifice assembly comprises an orifice plate with a plurality of non-return valves.
    [8] 8. A wash nozzle assembly according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the 25 nozzle has a leading edge, a trailing edge, and side edges, and the orifice plate/orifice assembly is located at the trailing edge of the nozzle.
    [9] 9. A wash nozzle assembly according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the nozzle has a leading edge, a trailing edge, and side edges, and the orifice plate/orifice assembly is located at the leading edge of the nozzle.
    [10] 10. A wash nozzle assembly according to any of claims 1 -7, wherein the nozzle has a leading edge, a trailing edge, and side edges, and the orifice plate/orifice assembly is located at a side edge of the nozzle.
    [11] 11. A wash nozzle assembly according to any of preceding claims,
    5 wherein the nozzle is a nozzle for any washing stage of the atmospheric diffuser.
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    SE501863C2|1993-09-22|1995-06-06|Kvaerner Pulping Tech|Apparatus for distributing washing liquid for washing pulp|
    US20150034733A1|2013-08-02|2015-02-05|Andritz Inc.|Assembly for washer shower pipe and method to adjust open area of orifices in the pipe|
    法律状态:
    2021-08-13| FG| Patent granted|Ref document number: 129135 Country of ref document: FI Kind code of ref document: B |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20185526A|FI129135B|2018-06-08|2018-06-08|Wash nozzle assembly for atmospheric diffusers in pulp production|FI20185526A| FI129135B|2018-06-08|2018-06-08|Wash nozzle assembly for atmospheric diffusers in pulp production|
    PCT/FI2019/050445| WO2019234306A1|2018-06-08|2019-06-07|Wash nozzle assembly for atmospheric diffusers in pulp production|
    JP2020568261A| JP2021527174A|2018-06-08|2019-06-07|Cleaning nozzle assembly for air diffuser in pulp production|
    EP19735610.8A| EP3802948A1|2018-06-08|2019-06-07|Wash nozzle assembly for atmospheric diffusers in pulp production|
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